ALLEN CELL EXPLORER
  • About
      Institute
      1. Our science: CellScapes
      2. Past foundational projects
      3. News feed
      4. About us
      5. Careers
  • Allen Cell Collection
      Order cells & plasmids
      1. Cell Catalog
      2. Disease Collection Cell Catalog
      3. Cell Catalog quickview
      4. Cell video shorts
      Lab methods
      1. Video protocols
      2. Written protocols
      3. Our methodology
      4. Support forum
      About our hiPS cells
      1. hiPS Cell Structure Overview
      2. Visual Guide to Human Cells
      3. Cell structure observations
      4. Why endogenous tagging?
      5. Differentiation into cardiomyocytes
      6. Genomics
      7. Download cell data: Images, genomics, & features
  • Data & Digital Tools
      General
      1. Tools & resources overview
      2. Download cell data (images, genomics, features)
      3. Code repositories & software
      Desktop tools
      1. Allen Cell & Structure Segmenter
      2. AGAVE 3D pathtrace image viewer
      Web tools
      1. BioFile Finder
      2. Cell Feature Explorer
      3. Integrated Mitotic Stem Cell
      4. └ Z-stack viewer
      5. └ 3D viewer
      Web tools (con't)
      1. Simularium viewer
      2. Timelapse Feature Explorer
      3. Visual Guide to Human Cells
      4. Vol-E (Web Volume Viewer)
      5. 3D Cell Viewer
  • Analysis & Modeling
      Allen Integrated Cell models
      1. Visual Guide to Human Cells
      2. Integrated Mitotic Stem Cell
      3. └ Z-stack viewer
      4. └ 3D viewer
      5. Allen Integrated Cell
      6. └ 3D Probabilistic Modeling
      7. └ Label-free Determination
      4D biology models
      1. Simularium viewer
      Methodologies
      1. Drug perturbation pilot study
      2. hiPS cells during mitosis
      3. Differentiation into cardiomyocytes
  • Publications
      Articles
      1. Publications
      2. Preprints
      Presentations
      1. Talks & posters
  • Education
      Educational resources
      1. All resources
      2. Teaching materials
      Online tools popular with teachers
      1. Visual Guide to Human Cells
      2. Integrated Mitotic Stem Cell
      3. 3D Cell Feature Explorer
      4. 3D Cell Viewer
      5. hiPS cell structure overview
  • Support
      Questions
      1. FAQs
      2. Forum
      Tutorials for digital tools
      1. Video tutorials
      2. Visual Guide tutorial
      3. AGAVE documentation
      Lab methods
      1. Video protocols
      2. Written protocols
      3. Our methodology
  • šŸ”
      SEARCHBAR

Cell structure observations

Observations about microscopy videos for 16 of the cell lines available in our Cell Catalog & 3D Cell Viewer.

​Mitochondria visualized via Tom20Ā 

3/14/2017

 
Z-stack
​High magnification timelapse (cell division)
Figure. Live cell movies of Tom20 in Mitochondria. Left: Z-stack of live hiPS cells expressing mEGFP-tagged Tom20 imaged on a spinning-disk confocal microscope. Images start from the bottom of the cells and end at the top. Right: Timelapse movie of hiPS cells expressing mEGFP-tagged Tom20 imaged on a Zeiss LSM880 Airyscan FAST in super-resolution mode. Images were collected in 3D every 30 seconds for 30 minutes. Images show a single slice near the bottom of the cell; playback speed is 150x real time.
​
Observations
  • Tom20 is a member of the TOM (translocase of the outer membrane) complex, which permits movement of proteins through the outer mitochondrial membrane and into the intermembrane space of mitochondria.
  • In hiPS cells, mitochondria are localized primarily to the top of cells in the nucleus-free ‘cytoplasmic pocket.’ In the center of cells, they localize perpendicular to the substrate and appear like hollow tubes in cross section, as expected for an outer mitochondrial membrane protein. There are fewer mitochondria at the bottom of cells. This observation is consistent with mitochondrial positioning in the cell being primarily dependent on microtubule positioning during interphase.
  • Mitochondria form long, interconnected tubules as well as smaller separated structures. The longest tubules are most visible at the bottom of cells where mitochondria are less crowded. Mitochondria are dynamic, jiggling due to Brownian motion, moving (presumably along microtubules) and exhibiting fission and fusion dynamics.
  • In mitotic cells mitochondria are more evenly distributed throughout the cell and tend to cluster towards the cell periphery, outside of the mitotic spindle.

    About

    Observations and descriptions from the microscope

    Archives

    February 2019
    August 2018
    April 2018
    October 2017
    April 2017
    March 2017

    Categories

    All
    3-channel
    3D Rotation
    Actin
    Actinomyosin
    Actin Structures
    Adhesions
    Cardiomyocyte
    Cell Cell Contacts
    Cell-cell Contacts
    Cell Contacts
    Cell Division
    Cell Membrane
    Centrin
    Centrioles
    Chromatin
    Colony
    Connexin
    Connexin-43
    Desmoplakin
    Desmosomes
    DNA
    Endoplasmic Reticulum
    Endosome
    ER
    Fibrillarin
    FUS
    Gap Junctions
    Golgi Apparatus
    H2B
    Histone
    K-Ras
    Lamin
    Lamin B1
    LAMP1
    Lysosomes
    MEGFP
    Membrane
    Microtubule
    Mitochondria
    Mitosis
    MLC-2a
    MLC 2v
    MTagRFP-T
    Muscle
    Myosin
    Nuclear
    Nuclear Envelope
    Nuclear Pores
    Nucleolus
    Nucleophosmin
    Nucleoporin
    Nucleus
    Nup153
    Paraspeckles
    Paxillin
    Peroxisome
    Plasma Membrane
    PMP34
    Rab-5A
    Ras
    RNA-binding Protein
    Sarcomere
    Sarcomere M-line
    Sarcomere Thick Filaments
    Sarcoplasmic Reticulum
    Sec61
    SERCA2
    Sialyltransferase 1
    SMC 1A
    ß-actin
    ST6GAL1
    Stress Granules
    Tight Junctions
    Time Lapse
    Time Series
    Titin
    Tom20
    Troponin
    Tubulin
    ZO1
    Z Stack

    RSS Feed

The Institute

Home
Careers
Culture & Community
Archived Content

Legal

Terms of Use
Citation Policy
Privacy Policy
CookieĀ Settings

Help & contact

​FAQs
Help
​Send us a Message
​Sign up for our Newsletter
Allen Institute for Cell Science is a part of the Allen Institute. The mission of the Allen Institute is to understand the principles that govern life, and to advance health. Our creative and multi-dimensional teams focus on answering some of the biggest questions in bioscience. We accelerate foundational research, catalyze bold ideas, develop tools and models, and openly share our science to make a broad, transformational impact on the world.
Follow Us  
​Copyright © 2025 Allen Institute. All Rights Reserved.
  • About
      Institute
      1. Our science: CellScapes
      2. Past foundational projects
      3. News feed
      4. About us
      5. Careers
  • Allen Cell Collection
      Order cells & plasmids
      1. Cell Catalog
      2. Disease Collection Cell Catalog
      3. Cell Catalog quickview
      4. Cell video shorts
      Lab methods
      1. Video protocols
      2. Written protocols
      3. Our methodology
      4. Support forum
      About our hiPS cells
      1. hiPS Cell Structure Overview
      2. Visual Guide to Human Cells
      3. Cell structure observations
      4. Why endogenous tagging?
      5. Differentiation into cardiomyocytes
      6. Genomics
      7. Download cell data: Images, genomics, & features
  • Data & Digital Tools
      General
      1. Tools & resources overview
      2. Download cell data (images, genomics, features)
      3. Code repositories & software
      Desktop tools
      1. Allen Cell & Structure Segmenter
      2. AGAVE 3D pathtrace image viewer
      Web tools
      1. BioFile Finder
      2. Cell Feature Explorer
      3. Integrated Mitotic Stem Cell
      4. └ Z-stack viewer
      5. └ 3D viewer
      Web tools (con't)
      1. Simularium viewer
      2. Timelapse Feature Explorer
      3. Visual Guide to Human Cells
      4. Vol-E (Web Volume Viewer)
      5. 3D Cell Viewer
  • Analysis & Modeling
      Allen Integrated Cell models
      1. Visual Guide to Human Cells
      2. Integrated Mitotic Stem Cell
      3. └ Z-stack viewer
      4. └ 3D viewer
      5. Allen Integrated Cell
      6. └ 3D Probabilistic Modeling
      7. └ Label-free Determination
      4D biology models
      1. Simularium viewer
      Methodologies
      1. Drug perturbation pilot study
      2. hiPS cells during mitosis
      3. Differentiation into cardiomyocytes
  • Publications
      Articles
      1. Publications
      2. Preprints
      Presentations
      1. Talks & posters
  • Education
      Educational resources
      1. All resources
      2. Teaching materials
      Online tools popular with teachers
      1. Visual Guide to Human Cells
      2. Integrated Mitotic Stem Cell
      3. 3D Cell Feature Explorer
      4. 3D Cell Viewer
      5. hiPS cell structure overview
  • Support
      Questions
      1. FAQs
      2. Forum
      Tutorials for digital tools
      1. Video tutorials
      2. Visual Guide tutorial
      3. AGAVE documentation
      Lab methods
      1. Video protocols
      2. Written protocols
      3. Our methodology
  • šŸ”
      SEARCHBAR